Eugenia brasiliensis
| Grumichama (Eugenia brasiliensis) | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific name | Eugenia brasiliensis |
| Common names | Grumichama; Brazilian cherry; Brazil cherry |
| Genus | Eugenia |
| Family | Myrtaceae |
| Order | Myrtales |
| Fruit type | Berry |
| Growth form | Evergreen shrub or small tree |
| Native range | Coastal and southern Brazil, including Atlantic-forest regions |
| Mature size | About 10–15 m; often smaller when managed |
Eugenia brasiliensis, commonly called grumichama, is an evergreen member of the Myrtaceae grown for its edible berries. GBIF accepts Eugenia brasiliensis as a species in the genus Eugenia and family Myrtaceae. [1] The species is distinct from Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) and from other fruits sold under Brazilian-cherry names. [2]
Description[edit | edit source]
Grumichama is described as an evergreen shrub or small tree, reaching about 10–15 m in favorable conditions and often remaining smaller under management. Its native setting is associated with coastal and southern Brazil and Atlantic-forest habitats, including alluvial plains and gentle slopes. [2]
The fruit is a berry used as a fresh fruit. The two images show unripe fruit and the plant's general habit; fruit color and maturity should be judged on the tree rather than from a single photograph.
Cultivation[edit | edit source]
Soil and water[edit | edit source]
A habitat-based genus-level inference is the best starting point for soil management: the reported alluvial and gently sloping forest settings support a deep, organic medium that holds moisture while draining freely. Keep the root zone evenly moist while a plant establishes, but avoid stagnant containers and compacted wet ground. Confirm the response of individual plants before treating this as a fixed species requirement. [2]
Sun and humidity[edit | edit source]
The Atlantic-forest setting supports a humid growing environment rather than prolonged desiccating exposure. As a cultivation inference, give young plants shelter from drying wind and abrupt exposure while they establish, then increase light as the plant acclimates. [2]
Seasonal changes[edit | edit source]
Translate the warm, humid native context into steady moisture through active growth and extra protection during unusually dry or cold periods. Flowering and fruiting should be recorded locally rather than assigned a calendar from another Eugenia species; climate and plant age can change the timing. [2]
Propagation[edit | edit source]
Seed is the documented propagation route in the available species account. A seed-storage experiment used mature seeds from yellow- and purple-fruited biotypes collected from planted trees at Mogi-Guaçu, São Paulo, Brazil. The seeds began at 48.9% water content; drying at 36 ± 2 °C to approximately 43.1% or lower reduced germination and storage performance under the tested treatments. [3]
Under that experiment's conditions, undried seeds stored in perforated plastic bags at 7 ± 1 °C retained 60% germination after 180 days and 19% after 270 days. Germination testing used four replicates of 20 seeds at 30 °C with 12 hours of light, assessed at 30 and 45 days. These results apply to the tested biotypes, storage conditions, and laboratory protocol; they are not a universal nursery schedule. [3]
For practical handling, avoid deliberate drying of fresh grumichama seed and treat refrigerated storage as a limited, condition-dependent method rather than a guarantee of field performance. [3]
Flowering, fruiting, and harvest[edit | edit source]
The species produces edible berries, but harvest timing and first-bearing age should be tracked for the local climate and planting rather than transferred from another Eugenia. Pick fruit at the desired ripe stage for fresh use and keep local notes on color change, flavor, and time from flowering to harvest. [2]
Fruit and uses[edit | edit source]
Ripe grumichama fruit is eaten fresh. [2]
Photos[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ [3] Kohama, Sueli; Maluf, Angela Maria; Bilia, Denise Augusta Camargo; Barbedo, Claudio José (2006), “Secagem e armazenamento de sementes de Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. (Grumixameira),” Revista Brasileira de Sementes 28(1):72–78, DOI 10.1590/S0101-31222006000100010.
Image credits[edit | edit source]
- Wikifruit-Eugenia-brasiliensis-01.jpg — Unripe grumichama fruit (Eugenia brasiliensis). Creator: JeffreyN06; license: CC0. Commons file page.
- Wikifruit-Eugenia-brasiliensis-02.jpg — Eugenia brasiliensis plant habit at Enchanting Floral Gardens of Kula, Maui. Creator: Forest & Kim Starr; license: CC BY 3.0. Commons file page.
