Mangifera indica: Difference between revisions
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! colspan="2" style="background: #e8e8e8;" | Mango (''Mangifera indica '') | |||
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | [[File:Mangos - single and halved.jpg|250px|Mangoes, whole and halved.]] | |||
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! Scientific name | ! Scientific name | ||
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== | == Description == | ||
The mango is a long-lived evergreen tree whose fleshy drupes vary widely in size, color, fiber, aroma, and season. Cultivated mangoes include many clonal varieties selected for eating quality and climate adaptation. | The mango is a long-lived evergreen tree whose fleshy drupes vary widely in size, color, fiber, aroma, and season. Cultivated mangoes include many clonal varieties selected for eating quality and climate adaptation. | ||
The accepted genus, family, and order are [[Mangifera]], [[Anacardiaceae]], and [[Sapindales]]. Common names may cover related taxa; check the scientific name before transferring cultivation advice. | The accepted genus, family, and order are [[Mangifera]], [[Anacardiaceae]], and [[Sapindales]]. Common names may cover related taxa; check the scientific name before transferring cultivation advice. | ||
== | == Cultivation == | ||
Mango is a warm-season tree of South Asian monsoon climates. It performs best with a pronounced dry interval before flowering, deep drainage, and full sun; wet feet and cool flowering weather reduce bloom and fruit set. | Mango is a warm-season tree of South Asian monsoon climates. It performs best with a pronounced dry interval before flowering, deep drainage, and full sun; wet feet and cool flowering weather reduce bloom and fruit set. | ||
Mango is adapted to warm seasonal climates where a relatively dry, cooler period helps mature shoots and initiate flowers. It grows vigorously in humid conditions but excessive nitrogen, shade, or wet weather around bloom can favor leaves over fruit. Prune after harvest to keep the canopy accessible. | Mango is adapted to warm seasonal climates where a relatively dry, cooler period helps mature shoots and initiate flowers. It grows vigorously in humid conditions but excessive nitrogen, shade, or wet weather around bloom can favor leaves over fruit. Prune after harvest to keep the canopy accessible. | ||
=== Soil === | === Soil and water === | ||
Deep, well-drained soil; tolerates many textures but dislikes persistent waterlogging. | Deep, well-drained soil; tolerates many textures but dislikes persistent waterlogging. | ||
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== Propagation == | == Propagation == | ||
Named varieties are usually grafted onto seedling or clonal rootstocks. Fresh seed is easy to germinate, but only polyembryonic types generally produce nucellar seedlings close to the mother tree; monoembryonic seedlings are useful for rootstocks and breeding. | Named varieties are usually grafted onto seedling or clonal rootstocks. Fresh seed is easy to germinate, but only polyembryonic types generally produce nucellar seedlings close to the mother tree; monoembryonic seedlings are useful for rootstocks and breeding. | ||
== Flowering, fruiting, and harvest == | == Flowering, fruiting, and harvest == | ||
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Fresh eating is the main use, with green mango also used in pickles, salads, chutneys, and sauces. Ripe fruit is processed into pulp, juice, dried slices, leather, and preserves. The kernel is used locally but is not a routine food crop. | Fresh eating is the main use, with green mango also used in pickles, salads, chutneys, and sauces. Ripe fruit is processed into pulp, juice, dried slices, leather, and preserves. The kernel is used locally but is not a routine food crop. | ||
== References == | |||
== | |||
* [https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/MG216 UF/IFAS: Mango growing in the home landscape] | * [https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/MG216 UF/IFAS: Mango growing in the home landscape] | ||
* [https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Mangifera+indica Useful Tropical Plants: Mangifera indica] | * [https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Mangifera+indica Useful Tropical Plants: Mangifera indica] | ||
== Image credits == | == Image credits == | ||
* [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: | * [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mangos_-_single_and_halved.jpg Mangos - single and halved.jpg, Ivar Leidus, CC BY-SA 4.0.] | ||
[[Category:Fruits]] | [[Category:Fruits]] | ||
[[Category:Anacardiaceae]] | [[Category:Anacardiaceae]] | ||
[[Category:Mangifera]] | [[Category:Mangifera]] | ||
Revision as of 06:58, 24 August 2026
| Mango (Mangifera indica ) | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific name | Mangifera indica |
| Genus | Mangifera |
| Family | Anacardiaceae |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Fruit type | Drupe |
| Growth form | Evergreen tree |
| Climate and hardiness | Tropical and subtropical; dry weather at flowering is valuable |
| Mature height | 10–30 m unpruned; smaller in orchards |
| Mature width | 8–20 m |
| Soil | Deep, well-drained soil; tolerates many textures but dislikes persistent waterlogging |
| Water | Regular water while establishing; moderate drought tolerance once rooted |
| Sun | Full sun and good airflow |
| Germination | 10–30 days from fresh polyembryonic seed; monoembryonic seed is variable |
| Years to fruit | 3–5 years grafted; longer from seed |
| Pollination | Insect-pollinated; cross-pollination can improve fruit set |
| Harvest | Variety and climate dependent; commonly spring through summer |
Description
The mango is a long-lived evergreen tree whose fleshy drupes vary widely in size, color, fiber, aroma, and season. Cultivated mangoes include many clonal varieties selected for eating quality and climate adaptation.
The accepted genus, family, and order are Mangifera, Anacardiaceae, and Sapindales. Common names may cover related taxa; check the scientific name before transferring cultivation advice.
Cultivation
Mango is a warm-season tree of South Asian monsoon climates. It performs best with a pronounced dry interval before flowering, deep drainage, and full sun; wet feet and cool flowering weather reduce bloom and fruit set.
Mango is adapted to warm seasonal climates where a relatively dry, cooler period helps mature shoots and initiate flowers. It grows vigorously in humid conditions but excessive nitrogen, shade, or wet weather around bloom can favor leaves over fruit. Prune after harvest to keep the canopy accessible.
Soil and water
Deep, well-drained soil; tolerates many textures but dislikes persistent waterlogging.
Sun and humidity
Full sun and good airflow. Native habitat and airflow matter as much as light intensity; avoid enclosing humid foliage without ventilation.
Seasonal changes
Many mango regions have a distinct dry season followed by warm rains. Flowering commonly occurs during the dry or cool-dry interval, with fruit development during the warmer season. In humid areas, disease pressure and irregular flowering increase; irrigation should be managed rather than kept constantly excessive.
Propagation
Named varieties are usually grafted onto seedling or clonal rootstocks. Fresh seed is easy to germinate, but only polyembryonic types generally produce nucellar seedlings close to the mother tree; monoembryonic seedlings are useful for rootstocks and breeding.
Flowering, fruiting, and harvest
Variety and climate dependent; commonly spring through summer. Flowering and ripening are strongly affected by latitude, cultivar, rootstock, rainfall, and temperature; local records are more useful than a single universal calendar.
Fruit and uses
Fresh eating is the main use, with green mango also used in pickles, salads, chutneys, and sauces. Ripe fruit is processed into pulp, juice, dried slices, leather, and preserves. The kernel is used locally but is not a routine food crop.
