Editing Shepherdia argentea (section)

== References ==

* <span id="cite_note-1"></span>[[#cite_ref-1|↑]] '''[1]''' [https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Shepherdia%20argentea GBIF species match: ''Shepherdia argentea'']. Accepted status (exact match, confidence 97), family Elaeagnaceae, genus Shepherdia, order Rosales.

* <span id="cite_note-2"></span>[[#cite_ref-2|↑]] '''[2]''' [https://www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/plants/shrub/shearg/all.html Esser 1995, ''Shepherdia argentea'', USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information System]. Accepted name and distribution, botanical characteristics, rhizomatous spread and root study, flower and fruit phenology, regeneration, seed dormancy/stratification/storage, site tolerances, transplant difficulty and root-cuttings note.

* <span id="cite_note-3"></span>[[#cite_ref-3|↑]] '''[3]''' [https://nrcs.usda.gov/plantmaterials/ndpmcpg6805.pdf Knudson 2006, Silver Buffaloberry Plant Guide, USDA NRCS Bismarck Plant Materials Center]. Description, dioecy and pollination, fruit size and ripening, harvest and pectin guidance, soil/site tolerances, nitrogen fixation, establishment and spacing, propagation, saponin safety note, historical fruit use.

* <span id="cite_note-4"></span>[[#cite_ref-4|↑]] '''[4]''' [https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/shepherdia-argentea/ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox: Silver Buffaloberry]. Thorny shrub description, dioecy, flower and fruit morphology, culture, hardiness zones 3a–9b, distribution.

* <span id="cite_note-5"></span>[[#cite_ref-5|↑]] '''[5]''' [https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.4141/cjps2013-087 Green & Low 2013, \"Physicochemical composition of buffaloberry, chokecherry and sea buckthorn fruit\", ''Canadian Journal of Plant Science'' 93(6):1143–1153]. Original Saskatchewan fruit study: berry size 6–9 mm, August–September ripening, ripe-when-fully-red, ascorbic acid 209 ± 37 mg/100 g fresh weight, high total titratable acidity.

* <span id="cite_note-6"></span>[[#cite_ref-6|↑]] '''[6]''' [https://nrcs.usda.gov/plantmaterials/ndpmcrb11923.pdf USDA NRCS Bismarck PMC, \"'Sakakawea' Silver Buffaloberry release brochure\" (August 1997, revised June 2013)]. Cultivar origin from 'Goldeye' at Morden, Manitoba (1954 seed), release 1983, size, hardiness to −40 °F, fruit size and color, field survival, fruiting age, propagation and stratification, soil adaptation, coppicing.

* <span id="cite_note-7"></span>[[#cite_ref-7|↑]] '''[7]''' [https://agriculturejournals.cz/pdfs/pse/2010/07/04.pdf Qin et al. 2010, \"NaCl salinity-induced changes in water status, ion contents and photosynthetic properties of Shepherdia argentea seedlings\", ''Plant, Soil and Environment'' 56(7):325–332]. Original controlled pot study: two-year-old seedlings surviving 600 mmol/L NaCl for 30 days, declines in water potential, chlorophyll and K+ at higher concentrations, high salt tolerance conclusion.

* <span id="cite_note-8"></span>[[#cite_ref-8|↑]] '''[8]''' [https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/35912 Beddes & Kratsch 2009, \"Seed germination of roundleaf buffaloberry and silver buffaloberry in three substrates\", ''Journal of Environmental Horticulture'' 27(3):129–133]. Original germination experiment: 42–54% silver buffaloberry germination, no substrate difference.

* <span id="cite_note-9"></span>[[#cite_ref-9|↑]] '''[9]''' [https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1171&context=etd Beddes 2008, \"Nursery Production of Selected Actinorhizal Species\", M.S. thesis, Utah State University]. Full-text germination trial (42.3–53.7%, P=0.8363, no substrate difference), tetrazolium seed-quality test (44% germinable, 21.5% dormant, 32.6% empty).

* <span id="cite_note-10"></span>[[#cite_ref-10|↑]] '''[10]''' [https://npj.uwpress.org/content/8/3/233.short Grubb 2007, \"Propagation protocol for bareroot silver buffaloberry\", ''Native Plants Journal'' 8(3):233]. Practitioner bareroot protocol: 2+0 stock, late-fall sowing in Colorado, emergence, ammonium sulfate, November grading (5 mm stem, 46 cm height).

* <span id="cite_note-11"></span>[[#cite_ref-11|↑]] '''[11]''' [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4147940/ Riedl et al. 2013, \"Variation in lycopene and lycopenoates, antioxidant capacity, and fruit quality of buffaloberry\", ''Journal of Food Science'' 78(11):C1673–C1679]. Original analytical study: soluble solids about 21 °Brix, acidity about 2.2%, dry matter 28%, lycopene and methyl-apo-6'-lycopenoate as main carotenoids, hygroscopic dried berries, commercial wine note.

* <span id="cite_note-12"></span>[[#cite_ref-12|↑]] '''[12]''' [https://www.reddit.com/r/NativePlantGardening/comments/1fj1koh/any_other_zone_4b5a_semiarid_14_rain_annually/ Reddit r/NativePlantGardening thread 1fj1koh]. Attributed zone 3B grower report (u/LastJava, ~2024): buffaloberry among the hardiest shrubs in low-rainfall, wind-exposed sites; preserves mention explicitly hearsay.

* <span id="cite_note-13"></span>[[#cite_ref-13|↑]] '''[13]''' [https://plantselect.org/plantstories/silver-totem-buffaloberry Plant Select: SILVER TOTEM Buffaloberry cultivar story]. First-party record of the 'Totem' seedling selection (discovered 2008, Little Valley Wholesale Nursery, Brighton, CO): columnar form, female flowers, zones 3–9, dry/xeric culture, rhizomatous root notes.

* <span id="cite_note-14"></span>[[#cite_ref-14|↑]] '''[14]''' [https://www.reddit.com/r/DenverGardener/comments/1kmotqy/has_anyone_ever_seen_a_silver_totem_buffaloberry/ Reddit r/DenverGardener thread 1kmotqy]. Attributed Front Range reports (~2025): early-spring bloomer and nitrogen-fixer praise, Silver Totem nursery availability sightings at Harlequin's and Echter's.